NGSS · Grade 2

2-PS1-4 Argue which heating and cooling changes can be reversed

Construct an argument with evidence that some changes caused by heating or cooling can be reversed and some cannot.

Clarification statement: Examples of reversible changes could include materials such as water and butter at different temperatures. Examples of irreversible changes could include cooking an egg, freezing a plant leaf, and heating paper.

Why water teaches this standard well

Water is the clarification statement's own example of a reversible change: freeze it, melt it, freeze it again. Ice-cube and puddle-evaporation investigations give students firsthand evidence for their arguments and lay the foundation for the water cycle in later grades.

Materials tagged with this code are written to the full standard , including its clarification statement , and each carries a written note explaining the alignment. See how we review materials.

7 materials aligned to 2-PS1-4

Lesson plans

Worksheets

Labs & experiments

Grade 2 Lab / experiment

Ashfield's Cold Pipe Wrap: A Grade 2 Insulation Test

A two-session grade 2 investigation comparing a paper towel wrap and a felt wrap on cups of ice, then refreezing the melted water to show the change reverses.

Engineering & Design 2 sessions, ~55 min total Answer key

Classroom activities