NGSS · Grades K–2

K-2-ETS1-2 Sketch or model how an object's shape helps it solve a problem

Develop a simple sketch, drawing, or physical model to illustrate how the shape of an object helps it function as needed to solve a given problem.

Why water teaches this standard well

Water infrastructure is full of shapes that do jobs: funnels catch rain, gutters carry it away, a water tower's tank sits high so water can flow down. Students can sketch a rain shelter, a gutter, or their own town's water tower and explain how the shape makes it work.

Materials tagged with this code are written to the full standard , and each carries a written note explaining the alignment. See how we review materials.

31 materials aligned to K-2-ETS1-2

Lesson plans

Grade 1 Lesson plan

Closing One Valve on the Cloverdike School Line

A 45-minute grade 1 lesson where students run a two-branch bottle model with clothespin valves, then solve within-20 problems about who loses water during a repair.

Science 45 min Answer key

Grade 2 Lesson plan

Building the Duncove Valley: A Grade 2 Water Model

Grade 2 students build a clay and paper model of a valley town, showing the hill, creek, and lake that supply its taps, then explain why the supply pipe runs downhill.

Science 50 min Answer key

Grade 2 Lesson plan

Sparrowfield's Fish Tank Water Line: A Cover Design Lesson

A two-session grade 2 lesson in which students design jar covers that slow evaporation, test three setups, and argue which cover the class fish tank needs.

Engineering & Design 2 sessions, ~55 min total Answer key

Kindergarten Lesson plan

A Splash Guard for the Bayberry School Water Fountain

A 35-minute kindergarten design lesson in which students name a splashing hallway fountain problem, then fold and test a paper guard that keeps the floor dry.

Engineering & Design 35 min

Worksheets

Kindergarten Worksheet

A Mud Fence for the Fiddlehead Creek Building Site

A read-aloud kindergarten worksheet where students sort five fence materials into ones that stop mud and ones that let it pass, then draw a fence beside a creek.

Engineering & Design 20 min Answer key

Kindergarten Worksheet

Choosing a Stand for the Pennywort Garden Rain Barrel

A read-aloud kindergarten worksheet where students compare three barrel stands by height and width, then draw a stand that is tall enough and wide enough to hold up.

Engineering & Design 20 min Answer key

Classroom activities

Grade 2 Classroom activity

Wheelhouse Street's Straw Pipeline Build Challenge

A 40-minute grade 2 team challenge in which groups estimate, join, and measure straw pipelines to carry water 30 inches from a model tank to a house cup.

Engineering & Design 40 min Answer key

Kindergarten Classroom activity

The Mossy Marsh Sponge Wall: Two Ways to Slow the Water

A 30-minute kindergarten tray activity where small groups test a sponge row against a block row to see which one slows the water running toward a paper town.

Engineering & Design 30 min Answer key

Kindergarten Classroom activity

Building a Stand for the Oakhollow Water Tower Cup

A 35-minute kindergarten build activity where groups count out 12 blocks, raise a cup of water on a stand, and watch a straw carry water down to a paper house.

Engineering & Design 35 min Answer key

Reading passages

Kindergarten Reading passage

One Drop's Journey to the Kindergarten Sink

An original kindergarten read-aloud story that follows a single water drop from a fictional reservoir through a treatment plant and tower to a school sink.

Science 25 min Answer key